Renal impairment with chronic renal failure

Renal impairment with chronic renal failure What you should know if your pet is still a lot of urine, as can renal failure? In chronic renal failure, urine is usually to excess. What are the kidneys are not doing so is the water (not too concentrated in the urine). The body produces many toxins in a moment by moment basis. These toxins circulate to the kidneys, when dissolved in water will be filtered out and urinated on. An efficient kidney can be highly concentrated in the urine, so that a large amount of toxin can be excreted in a relatively small amount of water. If the kidneys are no longer a long period of time, lose their ability to concentrate urine and more water is needed to distinguish the same amount of toxin. The animal began to drink more and more to the kidneys, it is not enough water. Ultimately, the animal can not drink enough and toxin levels begin to rise. Weight loss, listlessness, nausea, constipation, poor appetite and significant. E 'for animals, especially cats, which have a long history of excessive consumption of water, when at last the veterinarian office with complaints of the latter. What's my reading of the veterinary blood panel? If your pet to understand the situation with regard to renal failure, it is important to understand some of the parameters monitored. Urine specific gravity - This is a measure of how concentrated the urine sample is. The water has a density of 1.000. A diluted sample of urine has a specific gravity less than 1.020 (often less than 1.010). A concentrated urine sample would have a specific gravity over 1.030 or 1.040. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) - This is a protein metabolite excreted by the kidneys is (it is one of the toxins we are conceed). In a normal animal, the BUN is 25 or so. A good goal for BUN in kidney failure is often 60 to 80 at the time of diagnosis, BUN is well over 150, 200 or even 300. Creatinine-This is another protein metabolite (although this is less dependent on dietary protein as BUN). A normal creatinine is less than 2.0. A good target in renal failure is a creatinine of 4.5 or less. BUN and creatinine will be pursued (as well as some other parameters) over time and in response to various treatments. Phosphorus - Calcium / phosphorus balance is disturbed in renal failure by hormonal changes, such as the inability of the kidneys do not distinguish phosphorus. If the levels of calcium and phosphorus are too high, the soft tissue of an animal, the body becomes mineralized deposits, which inflamed and uncomfortable. The bones are weaker and more. If phosphorus can be found in the normal range (less than 7.5), a drug called calcitriol can be used to prevent or slow the progression of renal failure. Medications and special diets can be used to prevent the levels of phosphorus. Potassium - the kidney is unable to supplements of potassium in an efficient and may be required. Signs of hypokalemia (the scientific name for low potassium in the blood) and weaknesses, in particular pending the head and neck. Packed Cell Volume / Hematocrit - This is a measure of red blood - cell. More literally, is the percentage of blood by red blood cells. The hormone stimulates the production of red blood cells is determined by the kidneys. The non-renal failure, not in normal amounts of this hormone and can cause anemia. The anemia is often caused by extra fluid administrations needed to manage renal toxins. Sometimes a blood transfusion is necessary or, more commonly, the owner of the animals must lea to use the hormone injection, the red blood cells. Blood pressure - Blood pressure is not something that is measured by a laboratory result sheet but it is important in kidney patients because there is a tendency to develop hypertension in renal failure. Special medications may be used for the management of this problem should arise. The owner, including the supervision plans with the PET condition should be at home with these conditions and also a copy of laboratory results in PET for their records. Your veterinarian will probably be a tu-table-PET image shows the changes in the parameters mentioned above, is not a bad idea to make your folders and graphics at home. What are the treatment options? What is being done to this problem depends on the stage at diagnosis. More advanced cases, hospitalization for a cycle of diuresis. Fluids are administered intravenously for 48 to 72 hours and parameters referred to above shall be reviewed again. The objective is to stabilize the patient to a level where the toxin a good quality of life can be for an indefinite time. Mild cases can be fluid management of the skin (subcutaneous fluids) at home. This sounds scary at first, but in reality, it is not uncomfortable for the animal and is easy to lea. Also available (but very expensive) are on dialysis, in which a machine filters the toxins from the blood, and kidney transplantation. What kind of treatment can take my pet in the house? Special Diet: Most of the companies producing dietary prescription of a diet with low protein (less than BUN), phosphorus limited, and other important properties to promote healthy metabolism in renal medicine. Many hospitals stock K / D diet of hills and Select Care Modified by Innovative Veterinary Diets. In some cases, only the transition to life - can be effectively treated. There are benefits of prevention that we know that in the transition to diet before the start of kidney failure. Amphojel / phosphate binder is a Amphojel Antacid caplet used for stomach upset in people. In addition, binds phosphate in the diet, when it comes together with food. This reduces the contribution of phosphorus from the gastrointestinal tract and helps to normalize the level of phosphorus in the blood. Calcitrol: This drug is actually activated vitamin D. Vitamin D is not a vitamin in the way of vitamins or other in the way we think, vitamins, vitamin D is a hormone. It plays an important role in calcium-phosphorus and the balance is good for preventing the progression of renal failure, if it is, while phosphorus levels are still normal. Our experience with this drug has been excellent, and we recommend that you use in certain patients with all my heart. The dose used is very low and must be protected by a special pharmacy. If your pet can benefit from this drug, the specific instructions on how to obtain it will be. Tumil K: potassium supplement is in powder, tablet or gel. If a patient does not seem to be a normal level of potassium, such a supplement may be prescribed. Epogen / Erthropoeitin: In the old days, anabolic steroids have been used for anemia (low number of red blood cells) of chronic kidney disease. With the introduction of genetic engineering, the actual kidney hormone can not be produced by injection. This is usually done at home, 2-3 times per week together with a supplement of iron orally. This treatment has helped many patients dramatically as the anemia associated with kidney - disease can be very disabled. The disadvantage of this treatment is that the product is commercially available for the use of animal and human origin in the final analysis, produces antibodies against them (and even worse against their remaining hormone). Therefore, this hormone is not used until anemia is more advanced and the patient really need this treatment. Amlodipine (Norvasc brand): It 'difficult to provide a blood - pressure medication that is not also toxic to the kidneys. Amlodipine is a calcium channel blocker type medication commonly in hypertensive cats with renal failure. It should also be strengthened, particularly in large doses cat. Fluid under the skin: This technique is important to lea, like most animals in renal failure may need treatment or shortly after, or the shelter. If this process is for your cat, you will receive instructions on how this technology. Renal failure is a complex disease with many facets. Do not hesitate to contact your veterinarian if you have questions or problems at home. It will be periodically contacted when it's time for your pet to have to check the evidence. You Are Not Alone: For more resources from chronic renal failure is a common disease, and there are many owners of companion animals as you all share ideas, tips and information on the Inteet. If you are interested in these resources, is what is available: One of the key information has been structured by the owner of Avatar, a cat who has succumbed to his kidney failure. While this website is in particular the owners of cats, their information is safe for dogs and owners. For America on-line subscriptions, there is a week of cats with chronic renal failure, a chat, to which all are welcome. The chat on Sunday 5-6 clock timezone Pacific private with the name "crf". (Click on "People Connection," click on "Private Room" in kind "; crf.") E 'on-line is also a mailing list (listserv a) for owners of cats with failure Chronic kidney. To register, go to Do not hesitate to ask your veterinarian if you have questions or conces regarding the condition of your pet. The above information veterinarian. Do not start a course of treatment without consulting your veterinarian. All animals should be at least once every 12 months.